This video provides an overview of how pain is detected, transmitted, and processed in the nervous system. Topics such as nociceptors and the different types of fibers that carry pain signals, the spinothalamic tract and other pathways in the anterolateral system, and the roles of the thalamus, somatosensory cortex, insula, and anterior cingulate cortex in pain are covered. The way in which the brain can modulate pain through descending pathways, the influence of endogenous opioids and endocannabinoids, and how processes like sensitization contribute to hyperalgesia, allodynia, and neuropathic pain is also discussed.